Persepsi Kegunaan Menentukan Niat untuk Menggunakan GenAI: Model Adopsi Informasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jpti.1210Kata Kunci:
Adopsi ChatGPT, AI Generatif, Kegunaan Yang Dirasakan, Kinerja Pembelajaran, Pendidikan TinggiAbstrak
Teknologi Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) berperan strategis dalam transformasi pendidikan tinggi, termasuk dalam personalisasi pembelajaran, otomatisasi konten, serta dukungan administratif dan penelitian. Salah satu aplikasi GenAI yang paling banyak diadopsi adalah ChatGPT, model bahasa alami berbasis AI dari OpenAI. Namun, tingkat adopsi berkelanjutan oleh mahasiswa, khususnya pada institusi pendidikan tinggi di wilayah berkembang seperti Universitas Papua di Papua Barat, masih rendah dan belum banyak dikaji. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kualitas argumen, kredibilitas sumber, kesenangan yang dirasakan, persepsi kegunaan (perceived usefulness), dan kemudahan penggunaan (perceived ease of use) terhadap persepsi kegunaan informasi (information usefulness), serta implikasinya terhadap penggunaan ChatGPT dan kinerja belajar mahasiswa yang diukur melalui efektivitas, efisiensi, dan kepastian hasil belajar. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dengan menyebar kuesioner daring kepada 140 mahasiswa aktif Universitas Papua yang telah menggunakan ChatGPT dalam konteks akademik. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), mengintegrasikan model Information Adoption Model (IAM), persepsi kegunaan (perceived usability), dan dimensi kinerja pembelajaran. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perceived usefulness dan perceived ease of use berpengaruh signifikan terhadap information usefulness, yang berdampak positif terhadap kepercayaan belajar, penggunaan ChatGPT, efektivitas, dan efisiensi pembelajaran. Namun, konstruk lain seperti argument quality, perceived enjoyment, dan source credibility tidak berpengaruh langsung signifikan terhadap information usefulness. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) menunjukkan daya prediksi moderat hingga kuat. Temuan menegaskan pentingnya perluasan model adopsi dengan mempertimbangkan faktor eksternal seperti literasi digital, kepercayaan terhadap AI, serta dukungan institusional untuk mendorong adopsi GenAI yang berkelanjutan.
Unduhan
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