Pengaruh Literasi dan Pemanfaatan AI terhadap Kesiapan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Elektro sebagai Guru di Era Society 5.0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jpti.1497Abstract
Era Society 5.0 menuntut calon guru vokasi memiliki kesiapan pedagogik dan teknologi yang adaptif terhadap perkembangan Artificial Intelligence (AI). Meskipun tingkat pemanfaatan AI di kalangan mahasiswa tergolong tinggi, namun kualitas, etika, dan literasi AI masih menjadi tantangan yang berdampak pada kesiapan mengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Literasi AI dan Pemanfaatan AI terhadap Kesiapan Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Elektro Universitas Negeri Malang sebagai calon guru vokasi dalam kerangka Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda, uji t, uji F, dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Literasi AI berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap kesiapan mahasiswa (t = 4,486; Sig. = 0,000), demikian pula Pemanfaatan AI yang juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan (t = 2,798; Sig. = 0,006). Secara simultan, kedua variabel berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan mahasiswa (F = 25,300; Sig. = 0,000) dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,393. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa literasi dan pemanfaatan AI merupakan faktor penting dalam membentuk kesiapan calon guru vokasi (sebesar 39,3%), meskipun masih terdapat faktor lain di luar model yang perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan vokasi yang lebih adaptif, etis, dan berorientasi pada kesiapan guru di era Society 5.0.
Downloads
References
X. Wang dkk., “Society 5.0: Metaverse Facilitated Human-centric ‘5H’ Services Across Cyber-Physical-Social Spaces,” IFAC Pap., vol. 58, no. 3, hal. 159–164, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.07.143.
E. B. Pratama, A. Hendini, Y. Yanto, dan W. F. Hidayat, “Menggali Potensi Belajar Mengajar Dengan Teknologi Ai (Artificial Intelligence),” JATI (Jurnal Mhs. Tek. Inform., vol. 7, no. 6, hal. 3530–3534, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.36040/jati.v7i6.8956.
I. P. Gârdan dkk., “Adopting AI in education: optimizing human resource management considering teacher perceptions,” Front. Educ., vol. 10, no. February, hal. 1–24, 2025, doi: 10.3389/feduc.2025.1488147.
Z. Bahroun, C. Anane, V. Ahmed, dan A. Zacca, “Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis,” Sustain., vol. 15, no. 17, 2023, doi: 10.3390/su151712983.
S. Anastasiou, “Integrating Human Resource Management and Artificial Intelligence in Educational Leadership: Pathways Toward Transformational Change,” Acad. J. Interdiscip. Stud., vol. 14, no. 3, hal. 7, 2025, doi: 10.36941/ajis-2025-0044.
M. Fauziddin dkk., “The Impact of AI on the Future of Education in Indonesia,” Educ. J. Ilm. Pendidik., vol. 3, no. 1, hal. 11–16, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.70437/educative.v3i1.828.
T. Rohayati, “Integrating Human Resources Management and Digital Competencies?: A Strategic Approach in Higher Education,” Al-Ishlah J. Pendidik., vol. 16, no. 2, hal. 1118–1127, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v16i2.5286.
I. Rusman, Nurmala, Nurasti, Rahmadania, Wahyuni, dan L. Qadrianti, “Peran Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Pembelajaran di Era Digital,” Pros. Semin. Nas. Fak. Tarb. dan Ilmu Kegur. IAIM Sinjai, vol. 3, hal. 42–46, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.47435/sentikjar.v3i0.3138.
A. R. M. Zaki dan I. A. Ulya, “Analisis Kesiapan Pedagogis Dan Teknologis Guru Dalam Mengadopsi Ai Sebagai Sarana Pembelajaran Adaptif,” J. Pendidik. Indones., vol. 6, no. 7, hal. 3220–3228, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.59141/japendi.v6i7.8434.
M. K. Majeed dan T. B. Ahmad, “Influence of Digital Competencies and AI Usage in Enhancing Teachers’ Instructional Effectiveness in Southern Pakistan,” Edu-Sains, vol. 13, no. 1, hal. 104–116, 2026, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.preventionweb.net/news/preliminary-report-february-6-2023-earthquakes-turkiye
D. Kalnina, D. Nimante, dan S. Baranova, “Artificial intelligence for higher education?: benefits and challenges for pre-service teachers,” Front. Educ., vol. 9, hal. 1501819, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1501819.
O. Filiz, M. H. Kaya, dan T. Adiguzel, Teachers and AI: Understanding the factors influencing AI integration in K-12 education, vol. 30, no. 13. Springer US, 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2024.133.3.
S. Purba, F. Saragi, K. A. Simangunsong, dan F. Hutapea, “Evaluasi Kesiapan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Elektro Dalam Menghadapi Pembelajaran Berbasis Praktik di Era Digital,” J. Minfo Polgan, vol. 14, no. 1, hal. 346–350, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.33395/jmp.v14i1.14721.
S. Sugiarto, I. Gusti Made Sulindra, dan Adnan, “Pemanfaatan Teknologi Artificial Intelligence Dalam Efektifitas Pembelajaran Mahasiswa Universita Samawa,” J. Kependidikan, vol. 9, no. 1, hal. 70–79, 2024, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: http://e-journallppmunsa.ac.id/index.php/kependidikan/article/view/1676
N. Tunjera dan A. Chigona, “Investigating Effective Ways to Use Artificial Intelligence in Teacher Education,” Proc. Eur. Conf. e-Learning, ECEL, vol. 2023-Octob, hal. 331–340, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.34190/ecel.22.1.1625.
G. Akçap?nar dan E. Sidan, “AI chatbots in programming education?: guiding success or encouraging plagiarism,” Discov. Artif. Intell., vol. 4, no. 1, hal. 87, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-024-00203-7.
I. Hamsar, H. Dewantara, H. Andini, S. Ardiansyah, N. A. Afrizah, dan M. G. P. Hasta, “Analisis Literasi Artifical Intelligence Mahasiswa Pada Perguruan Tinggi,” J. Vocat. Informatics Comput. Educ., vol. 2, no. 1, hal. 72–81, 2024, doi: htts://doi.org/10.61220/voice.v2i1.31.
M. Dehen, R. Harari, dan N. Aharony, “Teachers’ artificial intelligence (AI) literacy: an exploratory study,” Smart Learn. Environ., vol. 13, no. 1, 2026, doi: 10.1186/s40561-026-00433-5.
L. Zhao, X. Wu, dan H. Luo, “Developing AI Literacy for Primary and Middle School Teachers in China?: Based on a Structural Equation Modeling Analysis,” sustainability, vol. 14, no. 21, hal. 1–16, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114549.
A. Bautista dkk., “Preservice Teachers’ Readiness Towards Integrating AI-Based Tools in Education: A TPACK Approach,” Educ. Process Int. J., vol. 13, no. 3, hal. 40–68, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2024.133.3.
M. Yue, M. S. Y. Jong, dan D. T. K. Ng, Understanding K–12 teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge readiness and attitudes toward artificial intelligence education, vol. 29, no. 15. Springer US, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12621-2.
I. Celik, “Towards Intelligent-TPACK: An empirical study on teachers’ professional knowledge to ethically integrate artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools into education,” Comput. Human Behav., vol. 138, no. August 2022, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107468.
X. Ren dan M. L. Wu, “Examining Teaching Competencies and Challenges While Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education,” TechTrends, vol. 69, no. 3, hal. 519–538, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-025-01055-3.
C. H. Tasya, K. B. Sangka, dan D. Octoria, “Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) terhadap Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa dengan Literasi Digital sebagai Variabel Moderating,” J. Pendidik. Ekon., vol. 13, no. 2, hal. 153–165, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.26740/jupe.v13n2.p153-165.
L. K. Allen dan P. Kendeou, “ED-AI Lit?: An Interdisciplinary Framework for AI Literacy in Education,” SageJournals, vol. 11, no. 1, hal. 3–10, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/23727322231220339.
A. M. Vieriu dan G. Petrea, “The Impact of Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) on Students ’ Academic Development,” Educ. Sci., vol. 15, no. 3, hal. 1–12, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15030343.
R. Baltà-Salvador, I. El-Madafri, E. Brasó-Vives, dan M. Peña, “Empowering Engineering Students Through Artificial Intelligence (AI): Blended Human–AI Creative Ideation Processes With ChatGPT,” Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ., vol. 33, no. 1, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22817.
H. Akram, Y. Yingxiu, A. Samed Al-Adwan, dan A. Alkhalifah, “Technology Integration in Higher Education During COVID-19?: An Assessment of Online Teaching Competencies Through Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Model,” vol. 12, no. August, hal. 1–11, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.736522.
A. Juliandi, Irfan, dan M. Saprinal, Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis- Konsep dan Aplikasi. 2014.
D. Rusmana, F. A. Fattah, I. Zutiasari, dan I. K. Mala, “Realizing Creative Teachers?: Validity and Reliability Test of Instruments for Creative Teaching Behavior , Proactive Personality , Information Literacy , and Knowledge Sharing,” East Asian J. Multidiscip. Res., vol. 4, no. 8, hal. 3983–3996, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v4i8.331.
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfbeta, Bandung, 2019.
