Analisis Komparatif Sistem PV/T Berpendingin Udara dan Berpendingin Air untuk Peningkatan Efisiensi Energi Surya di Kondisi Iklim Tropis Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jpti.2038Kata Kunci:
Efisiensi Termal, Energi Surya, Fotovoltaik/Termal, Pendingin Air, Pendingin UdaraAbstrak
Sistem fotovoltaik/termal (PV/T) menghasilkan energi listrik dan termal secara simultan dari satu perangkat, sehingga pemanfaatan energi surya lebih tinggi dibandingkan modul PV konvensional. Di iklim tropis Indonesia, temperatur permukaan modul kerap melampaui 60 °C saat iradiasi puncak, menyebabkan penurunan efisiensi listrik 0,40%/°C hingga 0,50%/°C sekaligus mempercepat degradasi modul. Kontribusi utama artikel ini adalah tinjauan sistematis pertama yang secara bersamaan membandingkan keempat metrik kinerja utama efisiensi listrik, termal, gabungan, dan penurunan temperatur modul untuk kedua konfigurasi pendingin dalam konteks spesifik iklim tropis Indonesia. Tinjauan literatur sistematis dilakukan menggunakan protokol PRISMA 2020 terhadap 32 studi terindeks Scopus/Web of Science yang diterbitkan pada 2017 sampai dengan 2025. Sistem berpendingin air mencapai efisiensi listrik 18.1 ± 0.8%, efisiensi termal 60.7 ± 5.2%, efisiensi gabungan 78.5 ± 6.3%, dan penurunan temperatur modul 21.0 ± 3.7 °C. Seluruh nilai lebih tinggi dibandingkan berpendingin udara: 16.2 ± 0.7%, 34.8 ± 3.5%, 51.0 ± 4.1%, dan 10.2 ± 1.4 °C. Perbedaan keempat metrik konsisten pada seluruh studi yang dianalisis.
Unduhan
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