Pengaruh Kecepatan Putar Spindle terhadap Perilaku Deformasi, Uniformitas Ketebalan, dan Kualitas Permukaan pada Proses Metal Spinning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jpti.1633Kata Kunci:
Aluminium 1100, Deformasi Plastis, Kekasaran Permukaan, Metal Spinning, Spindle Speed, ThinningAbstrak
Proses metal spinning merupakan metode pembentukan logam yang banyak digunakan untuk menghasilkan komponen berbentuk simetris dengan efisiensi material tinggi. Namun, kualitas produk yang dihasilkan sangat dipengaruhi oleh parameter proses, khususnya kecepatan putar spindle, yang berpengaruh terhadap distribusi ketebalan, deformasi plastis, dan kekasaran permukaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi kecepatan putar spindle terhadap perilaku deformasi, uniformitas ketebalan, distribusi thinning, dan kualitas permukaan pada proses metal spinning Aluminium 1100 serta menentukan kondisi proses optimum. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen kuantitatif dengan variasi kecepatan 320 rpm, 500 rpm, 900 rpm, dan 1120 rpm. Pengukuran ketebalan dilakukan pada lima titik pengamatan (T1–T5), sedangkan kualitas permukaan dievaluasi menggunakan parameter kekasaran permukaan (Ra). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan parameter statistik berupa rata-rata, standar deviasi, dan koefisien variasi, serta didukung analisis regangan sejati, model Hollomon, dan Forming Limit Diagram berbasis model Marciniak–Kuczynski. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan 900 rpm menghasilkan distribusi deformasi paling homogen dengan ketebalan rata-rata sebesar 0,88 mm dan nilai koefisien variasi terendah sebesar 4,59%. Sementara itu, kecepatan 1120 rpm menghasilkan kualitas permukaan terbaik dengan nilai Ra sebesar 1,32 µm, namun meningkatkan thinning hingga 28% pada titik kritis T3. Berdasarkan keseluruhan hasil, kecepatan 900 rpm direkomendasikan sebagai kondisi optimum karena memberikan keseimbangan terbaik antara stabilitas deformasi, uniformitas ketebalan, dan kualitas permukaan.
Unduhan
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